Pipenv: Python Dev Workflow for Humans

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Pipenv — the officially recommended Python packaging tool from Python.org, free (as in freedom).

Pipenv is a tool that aims to bring the best of all packaging worlds (bundler, composer, npm, cargo, yarn, etc.) to the Python world. Windows is a first-class citizen, in our world.

It automatically creates and manages a virtualenv for your projects, as well as adds/removes packages from your Pipfile as you install/uninstall packages. It also generates the ever-important Pipfile.lock, which is used to produce deterministic builds.

Pipenv is primarily meant to provide users and developers of applications with an easy method to setup a working environment. For the distinction between libraries and applications and the usage of setup.py vs Pipfile to define dependencies, see ☤ Pipfile vs setup.py.

The problems that Pipenv seeks to solve are multi-faceted:

• You no longer need to use pip and virtualenv separately. They work together.
• Managing a requirements.txt file can be problematic, so Pipenv uses Pipfile and Pipfile.lock to separate abstract dependency declarations from the last tested combination.
• Hashes are used everywhere, always. Security. Automatically expose security vulnerabilities.
• Strongly encourage the use of the latest versions of dependencies to minimize security risks arising from outdated components.
• Give you insight into your dependency graph (e.g. $ pipenv graph).
• Streamline development workflow by loading .env files.

Install Pipenv Today!

If you’re on MacOS, use can install Pipenv easily with Homebrew:

$ brew install pipenv

Or, if you’re using Ubuntu 17.10:

$ sudo apt install software-properties-common python-software-properties
$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:pypa/ppa
$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt install pipenv

Otherwise, just use pip:

$ pip install pipenv

✨🍰✨

• Pipenv & Virtual Environments
  • ☤ Make sure you’ve got Python & pip
  • ☤ Installing Pipenv
  • ☤ Installing packages for your project
  • ☤ Using installed packages
  • ☤ Next steps
• ☤ Homebrew Installation of Pipenv
• ☤ Pragmatic Installation of Pipenv
• ☤ Crude Installation of Pipenv

User Testimonials

Jannis Leidel, former pip maintainer—

Pipenv is the porcelain I always wanted to build for pip. It fits my brain and mostly replaces virtualenvwrapper and manual pip calls for me. Use it.

David Gang—

This package manager is really awesome. For the first time I know exactly what my dependencies are which I installed and what the transitive dependencies are. Combined with the fact that installs are deterministic, makes this package manager first class, like cargo.

Justin Myles Holmes—

Pipenv is finally an abstraction meant to engage the mind instead of merely the filesystem.

☤ Pipenv Features

• Enables truly deterministic builds, while easily specifying only what you want.
• Generates and checks file hashes for locked dependencies.
• Automatically install required Pythons, if pyenv is available.
• Automatically finds your project home, recursively, by looking for a Pipfile.
• Automatically generates a Pipfile, if one doesn’t exist.
• Automatically creates a virtualenv in a standard location.
• Automatically adds/removes packages to a Pipfile when they are un/installed.
• Automatically loads .env files, if they exist.

The main commands are install, uninstall, and lock, which generates a Pipfile.lock. These are intended to replace $ pip install usage, as well as manual virtualenv management (to activate a virtualenv, run $ pipenv shell).

Basic Concepts

• A virtualenv will automatically be created, when one doesn’t exist.
• When no parameters are passed to install, all packages [packages] specified will be installed.
• To initialize a Python 3 virtual environment, run $ pipenv --three.
• To initialize a Python 2 virtual environment, run $ pipenv --two.
• Otherwise, whatever virtualenv defaults to will be the default.

Other Commands

• graph will show you a dependency graph, of your installed dependencies.
• shell will spawn a shell with the virtualenv activated.
• run will run a given command from the virtualenv, with any arguments forwarded (e.g. $ pipenv run python or $ pipenv run pip freeze).
• check checks for security vulnerabilities and asserts that PEP 508 requirements are being met by the current environment.

Further Documentation Guides

• Basic Usage of Pipenv
  • ☤ Example Pipfile & Pipfile.lock
  • ☤ General Recommendations & Version Control
  • ☤ Example Pipenv Workflow
  • ☤ Example Pipenv Upgrade Workflow
  • ☤ Importing from requirements.txt
  • ☤ Specifying Versions of a Package
  • ☤ Specifying Versions of Python
  • ☤ Editable Dependencies (e.g. -e . )
  • ☤ Environment Management with Pipenv
  • ☤ About Shell Configuration
  • ☤ A Note about VCS Dependencies
  • ☤ Pipfile.lock Security Features
• Advanced Usage of Pipenv
  • ☤ Caveats
  • ☤ Specifying Package Indexes
  • ☤ Injecting credentials into Pipfiles via environment variables
  • ☤ Specifying Basically Anything
  • ☤ Deploying System Dependencies
  • ☤ pipenv and conda
  • ☤ Generating a requirements.txt
  • ☤ Detection of Security Vulnerabilities
  • ☤ Community Integrations
  • ☤ Open a Module in Your Editor
  • ☤ Automatic Python Installation
  • ☤ Automatic Loading of .env
  • ☤ Support for Environment Variables
  • ☤ Configuration With Environment Variables
  • ☤ Custom Virtual Environment Location
  • ☤ Testing Projects
  • ☤ Shell Completion
  • ☤ Working with Platform-Provided Python Components
  • ☤ Pipfile vs setup.py
• Frequently Encountered Pipenv Problems
  • ☤ Your dependencies could not be resolved
  • ☤ No module named <module name>
  • ☤ My pyenv-installed Python is not found
  • ☤ Pipenv does not respect pyenv’s global and local Python versions
  • ☤ ValueError: unknown locale: UTF-8
  • ☤ /bin/pip: No such file or directory
  • ☤ shell does not show the virtualenv’s name in prompt
  • ☤ Pipenv does not respect dependencies in setup.py

☤ Pipenv Usage

pipenv

pipenv [OPTIONS] COMMAND [ARGS]...

Options

--where

Output project home information.

--venv

Output virtualenv information.

--py

Output Python interpreter information.

--envs

Output Environment Variable options.

--rm

Remove the virtualenv.

--bare

Minimal output.

--completion

Output completion (to be eval’d).

--man

Display manpage.

--three, --two

Use Python 3/2 when creating virtualenv.

--python <python>

Specify which version of Python virtualenv should use.

--site-packages

Enable site-packages for the virtualenv.

--version

Show the version and exit.

check

pipenv check [OPTIONS] [ARGS]...

Options

--three, --two

Use Python 3/2 when creating virtualenv.

--python <python>

Specify which version of Python virtualenv should use.

--system

Use system Python.

--unused <unused>

Given a code path, show potentially unused dependencies.

Arguments

ARGS

Optional argument(s)

clean

pipenv clean [OPTIONS]

Options

-v, --verbose

Verbose mode.

--three, --two

Use Python 3/2 when creating virtualenv.

--python <python>

Specify which version of Python virtualenv should use.

--dry-run

Just output unneeded packages.

graph

pipenv graph [OPTIONS]

Options

--bare

Minimal output.

--json

Output JSON.

--reverse

Reversed dependency graph.

install

pipenv install [OPTIONS] [PACKAGE_NAME] [MORE_PACKAGES]...

Options

-d, --dev

Install package(s) in [dev-packages].

--three, --two

Use Python 3/2 when creating virtualenv.

--python <python>

Specify which version of Python virtualenv should use.

--system

System pip management.

-r, --requirements <requirements>

Import a requirements.txt file.

-c, --code <code>

Import from codebase.

-v, --verbose

Verbose mode.

--ignore-pipfile

Ignore Pipfile when installing, using the Pipfile.lock.

--sequential

Install dependencies one-at-a-time, instead of concurrently.

--skip-lock

Ignore locking mechanisms when installing—use the Pipfile, instead.

--deploy

Abort if the Pipfile.lock is out–of–date, or Python version is wrong.

--pre

Allow pre–releases.

--keep-outdated

Keep out–dated dependencies from being updated in Pipfile.lock.

--selective-upgrade

Update specified packages.

Arguments

PACKAGE_NAME

Optional argument

MORE_PACKAGES

Optional argument(s)

lock

pipenv lock [OPTIONS]

Options

--three, --two

Use Python 3/2 when creating virtualenv.

--python <python>

Specify which version of Python virtualenv should use.

-v, --verbose

Verbose mode.

-r, --requirements

Generate output compatible with requirements.txt.

-d, --dev

Generate output compatible with requirements.txt for the development dependencies.

--clear

Clear the dependency cache.

--pre

Allow pre–releases.

--keep-outdated

Keep out–dated dependencies from being updated in Pipfile.lock.

open

pipenv open [OPTIONS] MODULE

Options

--three, --two

Use Python 3/2 when creating virtualenv.

--python <python>

Specify which version of Python virtualenv should use.

Arguments

MODULE

Required argument

run

pipenv run [OPTIONS] COMMAND [ARGS]...

Options

--three, --two

Use Python 3/2 when creating virtualenv.

--python <python>

Specify which version of Python virtualenv should use.

Arguments

COMMAND

Required argument

ARGS

Optional argument(s)

shell

pipenv shell [OPTIONS] [SHELL_ARGS]...

Options

--three, --two

Use Python 3/2 when creating virtualenv.

--python <python>

Specify which version of Python virtualenv should use.

--fancy

Run in shell in fancy mode (for elegantly configured shells).

--anyway

Always spawn a subshell, even if one is already spawned.

Arguments

SHELL_ARGS

Optional argument(s)

sync

pipenv sync [OPTIONS]

Options

-v, --verbose

Verbose mode.

-d, --dev

Additionally install package(s) in [dev-packages].

--three, --two

Use Python 3/2 when creating virtualenv.

--python <python>

Specify which version of Python virtualenv should use.

--bare

Minimal output.

--clear

Clear the dependency cache.

--sequential

Install dependencies one-at-a-time, instead of concurrently.

uninstall

pipenv uninstall [OPTIONS] [PACKAGE_NAME] [MORE_PACKAGES]...

Options

--three, --two

Use Python 3/2 when creating virtualenv.

--python <python>

Specify which version of Python virtualenv should use.

--system

System pip management.

-v, --verbose

Verbose mode.

--lock

Lock afterwards.

--all-dev

Un-install all package from [dev-packages].

--all

Purge all package(s) from virtualenv. Does not edit Pipfile.

--keep-outdated

Keep out–dated dependencies from being updated in Pipfile.lock.

Arguments

PACKAGE_NAME

Optional argument

MORE_PACKAGES

Optional argument(s)

update

pipenv update [OPTIONS] [MORE_PACKAGES]... [PACKAGE]

Options

--three, --two

Use Python 3/2 when creating virtualenv.

--python <python>

Specify which version of Python virtualenv should use.

-v, --verbose

Verbose mode.

-d, --dev

Install package(s) in [dev-packages].

--clear

Clear the dependency cache.

--bare

Minimal output.

--pre

Allow pre–releases.

--keep-outdated

Keep out–dated dependencies from being updated in Pipfile.lock.

--sequential

Install dependencies one-at-a-time, instead of concurrently.

--outdated

List out–of–date dependencies.

--dry-run

List out–of–date dependencies.

Arguments

MORE_PACKAGES

Optional argument(s)

PACKAGE

Optional argument

Indices and tables

• Index
• Module Index
• Search Page